4th Asia-Pacific Global Summit & Expo on Healthcare July 18-20, 2016 Brisbane, Australia

Session Introduction

Jeongsoo Kim

Pukyong National University, South Korea

Title: Socialization experiences of Korean physical disabled adults in public welfare program

Biography:

Jeongsoo Kim has completed his Ph.D. at 2011 from Ewha Womans University and Postdoctoral studies from Ewha Womans University in Seoul. She is the associate professor of Pukyong National University in Busan, Korea

Abstract:

This study was to describe and understand the experiences of the physical disabled adult attending in public welfare program. The interview data were collected from nine persons and analyzed by using descriptive phenomenology of Colazzi. The procedural steps were that described the phenomenon of interest, collected participants' descriptions of the phenomenon, extracted the meaning of significant statements, organized the meanings into them clusters, wrote exhaustive descriptions and then incorporated data into an exhaustive description. The finding in 129 re-statements, 63 constructed meanings, 41 themes, 15 theme clusters, and six categories were deduced. The six categories were ‘Life patterns exclusive health’, ‘Powerlessness in physical disability’, ‘Living with acquaintances’ helps’, ‘Motivated positively’, ‘Seeking to be holistic health’, and ‘Sense of accomplishment’. The study identified that social welfare program for the disabled necessities for health, learning, economy and their future in success. Therefore, we suggest there may be a need for supplying professional program for their health and welfare.

Lindsay McCallum

University of Toronto, Canada

Title: Addressing Community Health Issues using Health Impact Assessment

Biography:

Lindsay McCallum is a Ph.D. (Candidate) conducting doctoral research in the area of Health Impact Assessment (HIA). Specifically, Ms. McCallum is developing methods for assessing the potential community health impacts associated with major infrastructure projects. Ms. McCallum has presented her research at numerous international conferences including IAIA (International Association for Impact Assessment) in both Chile and Italy. Ms. McCallum also has 5 years of experience working as an Environmental Health Scientist for Intrinsik, a consulting firm in Canad

Abstract:

Health care is a broad term that includes the improvement or maintenance of health, not only through diagnosis and treatment, but also through prevention. Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is defined by the World Health Organization as a combination of procedures, methods and tools by which a policy, programme or project may be judged as to its potential effects on the health of a population, and the distribution of those effects within the population. HIA is an important component of preventative health care in its ability not only to identify and evaluate potential impacts (both positive and negative) on community health, but also in its capacity to affect change. When the results of an HIA suggest that there are potential community health impacts, recommendations are provided to promote beneficial outcomes and minimize negative outcomes. Although HIA is still considered an emerging field, it has been successfully applied in numerous jurisdictions around the world including Australia, the UK, Canada and the US. However, a more transparent, reproducible and systematic approach to HIA is needed. Recent developments in the field of HIA, including specific methodologies developed by the authors, are presented.

Session Introduction

Abdulrahman Al Nemri

King Khalid University Hospital King Saud University Medical City, Saudi Arabia

Title: Laryngotracheoesophageal Cleft; Neonatal Presentation and Diagnostic Challenges

Biography:

Dr. Abdulrahman Al Nemri Chairman of pediatric department at King Khalid University Hospital King Saud University Medical City . He was the Deputy of Clinical Director of Pediatric Department (AFHSR).He is a Member of Scientific Board of Pediatric & Neonatology Fellowship Program at Saudi Council for Health Specialization (SCHS).

Abstract:

Congenital laryngeal clefts are rare developmental disorders of the upper airway accounting for 0.3% to 0.5% of all congenital anomalies of the larynx. The study is reporting the research team’s first experience with this anomaly at the Armed Force Hospital Southern Region to emphasize the difficulties and the challenges in the diagnosis as well as the treatment of such infants. This is a 32 week preterm female infant with antenatal ultrasound diagnosis of isolated esophageal atresia. After delivery the team faced a great difficulty in intubation and passing nasogastric tube. A large NGT size 12FR passed to the stomach, and contrast study showed abnormal anteriorly located esophagus, which suggested a common esophageo-tracheal tract. Esophagogram and soft fibro-optic endoscopy was done by ENT consultant which confirmed the presence of long segment laryngotracheaesophageal cleft. The infant was transferred to tertiary center where she died from respiratory failure at the age of 6 months.

Session Introduction

Alhad Anant Pawar

Naval Hospital Asvini, India

Title: Marriage: Need for Public Health Intervention

Biography:

Prof (Dr) Alhad Anant Pawar is a graduate of Armed Forces Medical College, India. He graduated in 1979 and later i.e. in 1988, completed his postgraduation in Psychiatry from the same institution standing first in the MD Psychiatry exam conducted by University of Pune. Subsequently he has served as a psychiatrist in various hospitals of the Indian Navy. He is a recognised postgraduate teacher and examiner and has served in the faculty of Armed Forces hospitals in Mumbai, Delhi and Pune. Currently he is serving as Director and Professor of Psychiatry of the naval hospital Asvini at Mumbai. His interests mainly involve community psychiatry. Towards this he has conducted numerous workshops on stress management, mental health and maintaining harmony in married life. He has co-authored five books, written chapters on mental health and has over twenty five publications to his credit. He is currently exploring the effect of meditation in coping with stress.

Abstract:

Marriage as an institution has existed since antiquity across all regions and all cultures. This is the family relationship on which the foundation of our society rests. Yet today the institution is under crisis. An indicator of that is the increasing number of divorces taking place among the youth all over the world. The average duration of a marriage is only 4-5 years for the first one and 3-4 years for the second one. It seems no coincidence that with the soaring in the divorce rate, the rates of mental illnesses especially depression has also increased. A bad marriage is also related to adverse health outcomes not only for the partners but also for their children. The harmful effects tend to persist over generations as children of divorcees also tend to get separated thus leading to cascading effect on society’s health. Public health interventions are thus necessary. Few such interventions are discussed

Session Introduction

Stefanie Adams.

University Ulm, Germany

Title: Maternal and neonatal Mortality and Morbidity in 20 Hospitals in Nigeria – Reduction of MMR by Quality assurance in Obstetrics

Biography:

Dr. Stefanie Adams, doctor of pediatric department at Ulm University in Germany, studied at Giessen University, Germany. She presented her research in various platform , Poster presentation at the 58. Congress of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Munich, October 2010 , Poster presentation at the 25. Congress for Perinatal Medicine in Berlin, December 2011, Presentation at the XXIII. European Congress of Perinatal Medicine in Paris, June 2012, Presentation at the 59. Congress Congress of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Munich, October 2012 are some of the conference she presented her research.

Abstract:

Objective: Introduction of Quality Assurance in Obstetrics including continuous collection of obstetrical data in rural hospitals is aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Method: Since January 2008 data on maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity were aggregated on a monthly basis for ten hospitals in Kano and Kaduna State in northern Nigeria. In 2011 the project was extended to five hospitals in Abuja and in 2013 in Ondo State. Audits were used to assess these hospitals in terms of equipment status and hygiene conditions and condensed into a rating score. All data were centrally collated in tables and graphs not revealing individual hospital‘s identity by the Institute of Quality Assurance in Kano State. Results: 151,738 deliveries were analysed between 2008 and 2014. Kano and Kaduna State initially showed a continuous fall in MMR from 2008 to 2011, followed by a gradual increase in 2013 and finally a decrease in 2014. Hospitals in FCT Abuja and Ondo State showed lower MMR. Overall MMR was roughly related to the total number of deliveries increasing in hospitals with fewer deliveries. Conclusion: Obstetric quality assurance involves continuous processing, analysis and discussion of MMR and FMR administered by the Institute of Quality Assurance. Seven years of data collection in 4 Nigerian states showed that a comprehensive quality assurance for improving maternal and child health in low-income countries extends well beyond the focus of maternal and fetal mortality. In order to achieve persistent improvement of maternal and child health, improvements in infrastructure and hygiene, continuous improvements in obstetrical practise, regular training of health care professionals, conduction of community dialogues and regular discussion of the results at bi-annual review meetings is of essential importance. This embracing approach which proves successful in Nigeria may also be seen as a model for reduction of unacceptable high MMR and FMR in other low income countries.

Ediscyll Lorusso

St George’s University Hospitals Foundation Trust, London

Title: Low Molecular Weight Heparin Prophylaxis Adherence in Postnatal Women

Biography:

Ediscyll Lorusso has completed her Bachelor degree in Nursing at the age of 19 years from University of Perpetual in Philippines and had her Coronary Care studies from St George’s University Hospitals in London. She has been working as Thromboprophylaxis Clinical Nurse Specialist and Anticoagulation Sister since 2009 in the same hospital. She and her team was awarded second place in the Best Obstetrics VTE Prevention Programme category in 2012. This abstract “ Low Molecular Weight Prophylaxis Adherence in Postnatal Women “ have won the People’s Choice poster award on 4th December 2015 presented by St Georges University hospitals.

Abstract:

The prothrombotic state of pregnancy is part of the normal physiological adaptation and is thought to have evolved in order to meet the haemostatic challenges of childbirth. It has also been attributed to some women’s predisposition to maternal venous thromboembolic (VTE) disease and this in itself remains one of the leading causes of maternal deaths in Europe and the USA (Van De Velde, 2013). A recent introduction of VTE risk assessments and national venous thromboembolism prophylaxis guidance for use during childbearing had resulted in an initial fall in maternal deaths compared to previously reported trends (CEMACE, 2011 & Knight, 2014). Of the women who died of VTE in the UK, 56% of them received substandard care (CEMACH, 2011 & Knight, 2014). A package of poor VTE risk assessment, inadequate thromboprophylaxis and a failure to robustly investigate women’s newly presented symptoms suggestive of VTE, all contributed to that substandard care (CEMACE, 2011). Of the women who died of pulmonary embolism, 79% of them had identifiable VTE risk factors (RCOG, 2009). Engagement with VTE prophylaxis requires childbearing women who have been assessed as having a high risk of developing thrombosis to self-administer a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by subcutaneous injection, with drug Dalteparin the primary LMWH stocked by this hospital trust. Currently 34% of all postnatal women at St George’s hospital require VTE prophylaxis. As adequate

Azadeh Memarian

Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Title: Therapeutic and Ethical Dilemma of Puberty and Menstruation Problems in an Intellectually Disabled (Autistic) Female: a Case Report

Biography:

Azadeh Memarian has completed her Forensic and legal medicine spiciality at the age of 34 years from Tehran University of medical sciences.

Abstract:

Autism consists of a group of developmental brain disorders, collectively called autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Teenagers with learning and physical disabilities are more likely to have menstrual problems than the general populations. The parents of a 12-year-old girl with ASD and intellectual disability requested that she undergo hysterectomy because of her numerous problems of puberty (menstruation), including poor hygiene and polluting herself and the environment, not allowing anyone to place or change the pads, and changes in mood and physical health before her period. After the legal medicine organization reviewed her medical records, physical examinations, and medical consultations with a gynecologist and psychiatry, surgery was not accepted. Hysterectomy (surgery) performed because of the age of the child is not recommended, either physically or morally. The use of hormone replacement therapy has side effects, such as osteoporosis. In these cases, it seems that noninvasive methods (behavioral therapy and learning care skills) under the care of welfare experts are more effective and morally acceptable. In our Islamic society, we attempt to provide justice and prevent any assault to intellectually disabled females. We emphasize individual and social benefits and make decisions about each case separately due to the range of IQ, physical ability, social and cultural level of the family, and ethical principles. This review emphasizes that care must be individualized. The decision for treatment must rest on a multidisciplinary team consisting of gynecologists, psychologists, and forensic specialists and is based on Islamic and ethical law in legal medicine organizations .

Chair

Neelam Doshi

Bond University, Australia

Session Introduction

Bumani S Manganye

University of Venda, South Africa

Title: Professional nurses views regarding stigma and discrimination in the care of HIV and AIDS patients in rural hospitals of the Limpopo province

Time : 10:00-10:25

Biography:

Bumani S Manganye is a Lecturer in the Department of Public Health of University of Venda. He has 10 years of experience as an Operational Manager (Nursing) of the PHC facility in Vhembe District. He completed his MPH in 2010 and currently doing PhD at the University of Venda.

Abstract:

The aim of the study was to determine the views of professional nurses on the manifestations of HIV and AIDS stigma and discrimination and their influence on the quality of care rendered to people living with HIV and AIDS in three rural hospitals of Limpopo province, South Africa. The study was qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature. The population included all professional nurses registered with the South African Nursing Council who were working with confirmed HIV-positive patients in those three hospitals and had received specialized training in Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT), Antiretroviral (ARV), Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) and couple counseling. A purposive sampling method was used to select both the wards and participants, based on set criteria. A total of 9 wards (6 adult medical and 3 maternity) and 37 participants were selected. Group discussions, semi-structured and key informant interviews were conducted. Data were analyzed using a combination of data heir wards and regarded these as bad and improper care of HIV-positive patients. Behavior included leaving care analysis guidelines from different sources. Results revealed that professional nurses were aware of the existence of HIV and AIDS stigma and discrimination of HIV patients to junior members of staff with limited skills and knowledge of HIV and AIDS; showing HIV-positive patients that their disease was dangerous and contagious; judgmental behavior towards and stereotyping of HIV-positive patients; and regarding patients with HIV and AIDS as uncooperative and problematic in the wards.

Denise Cummins

Sydney District Nursing, Australia

Title: Development of an online HIV nursing module for nurses with limited experience caring for people living with HIV

Time : 10:25-10:50

Biography:

Denise Cummins has been working as a Clinical Expert in the area of HIV disease for over 20 years, in acute and ambulatory care settings. Currently, she is working in community health. She has a Master’s in Public Health and perusing her PhD at the University of Sydney. She has published 19 articles and has been the primary investigator in several research projects. She has experience developing and facilitating workshops in Thailand, Nepal, Papua New Guinea and Myanmar in a voluntary capacity and was co-author for Asia Pacific Manual and Training Resource on counseling skills for HIV support workers.

Abstract:

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic has evolved long back. At present, hospitals admissions have declined as People Living with HIV (PLHIV) have improved HIV health outcomes. But now as PLHIV are ageing they are developing other health conditions which may require hospital admission. Some nurses may not have experience in providing care to PLHIV, with limited knowledge of HIV infection which could impact negatively on patient care. During educational sessions to nurses, knowledge was varied like 37% thought insects transmit HIV, 17% from sharing a cup with a PLHIV, 12% said you could tell someone had AIDS because they looked tired and ill and 71% were unaware of post exposure prophylaxis for an exposure to HIV. This presentation will discuss the background and development of an online HIV nursing module, by nurses for nursing staff and undergraduate nurses to access whilst on clinical placement at a large area health service in Sydney, Australia. The module provides a brief history of the epidemic and HIV nursing, relevant HIV information, infection control and first aid, case studies and media of PLHIV sharing their stories, as many PLHIV have experienced stigma and discrimination in the health system. A pre and post knowledge test will ascertain evidence of change in knowledge and provide information for future areas of education. It is believed that this online education which will be accessible to a large number of nurses will lead to improved HIV knowledge and confidence of nurses providing care for the PLHIV.

Sukdev Nayak

AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, India

Title: Integrative yoga therapy on cognitive function in elderly

Time : 11:30-11:55

Biography:

Sukdev Nayak is the Past President of Indian Association of Palliative Care and a member Review Committee, Indian Journal of Palliative care and a member, Curriculum Development committee in Palliative Medicine, also a member of abstract review committee, World Cancer Congres, Melbourne, 2014. He has received 15 fellowships from WHO/UICC etc. He is the life member of ISA, ISSP, IAPC, IMA, Association of UICC Fellows, Association of British Scholars and National Organization of Tobacco Control. He was the Ex-Director of AHR Cancer Centre. He is presently Professor and Head, Anesthesiology, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar.

Abstract:

Elderly population in India is rising and is projected to further increase rapidly than many other developed countries in the coming decades. Dementia in elderly is emerging as a major public health problem due to increase in prevalence and lack of effective disease modifying treatment. As human being gets older, changes occur in all parts of the body including the brain. Alzheimer’s disease accounts for 60% to 70% of cases of dementia in the elderly. It is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and gets worse over time. Loss of short term memory is the first sign, following with language problems, decline in non-memory aspects of cognition, such as word finding, vision/spatial issues, and impaired reasoning or judgment, may signal gradual progress, ultimately leading to death. Although the speed of progression can vary, the average life expectancy following diagnosis is three to nine years. It starts in the mid 60 and is very common cause of death in elderly next to cancer and heart disease. The cause for most Alzheimer's cases is still mostly unknown except for 1% to 5% of cases where genetic differences have been identified. Performance measures of cognitively normal group steeply worsened with increasing complexity. With receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, patients with mild Alzheimer's disease were poorly differentiated from cognitively normal group according to their Tower of Hanoi performance. This is a progressive disease, which are the most common form of dementia and the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. While there is no cure for Alzheimer’s, research suggests yoga and meditation may play a role in the treatment. There are studies to suggest that memory loss may be reversed, yoga and meditation were included as part of a complex, 36-point therapeutic program. Moreover yoga and meditation may help Alzheimer’s and dementia patients and their caregivers socialize and feel better. Our experience: We tried yoga for 100 Alzheimer’s disease in our palliative care OPD. The control group was asked to watch spiritual discourses in TV and the test group was asked to practice simple yoga and pranayam procedures. The cognitive function was evaluated at 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 weeks. There was significant improvement in cognitive functions.

Nada Eltaiba

Qatar University, UAE

Title: The concept of hope: Islamic perception and implication for practice

Time : 11:55-12:20

Biography:

Nada Eltaiba has a PhD in Social Work and Social Policy, a Master’s degree in Counseling and a BA in Social Work. She has an extensive experience as a social work practitioner, researcher and as an educator. She worked as an academic at The University of Western Australia, Curtin University of Technology in Australia and at Al-Balqa Applied University in Jordan. She also worked as a practitioner in various settings in mental health, cross- cultural practices, families, and refugees. Her main research interest is in mental health, cross-cultural practice, ethics and refugees.

Abstract:

Appreciation of religion and spirituality is considered a fundamental source of insight into human beings coping with challenges related to mental health problems. For the majority of Muslims, religious beliefs are essential in their ways of coping with various psychological problems. Islamic texts provide a rich context within which to cope with difficulties. This paper aims to discuss the concept of hope and change in relation to religious and spiritual healing in the Islamic texts the Qur’an and the Hadith. Content analysis is the method applied in this research. Hope and the changing of the self are considered important values of the journey of people with individuals with mental health problems. The paper will provide some implication for practice.

Fatma Jobran

Taibah University, Saudi Arabia

Title: An assessment of lighting concepts in the healthcare environment

Time : 11:55-12:20

Biography:

Fatma Jobran is currently an assistance professor at Taibah University, Department of Interior Design. Previously, she was the Chair of the Academic and Professional Development Commission at Texas Tech University Graduate Student Advisory Council (GSAC), April 2014-presnt. Her current research interest involves the impact of Sustainability and Places of Respite: Saudi Arabia Healthcare Environment and the Traditional and Modern Built Forms in Saudi Arabia. Fatma Jobran earned her M.S in Environmental/Interior Design in 2013 from Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX. She honoured the outstanding academic record as an excellent candidate for the Honours College. After she moved to Texas in 2009, Fatma served as a faculty member of the school of Design at Taibah University in KSA in 2012 to present. In her professional career she served as a lecturer in King Abdul Aziz University - KSA 2005-2007. Early graduate work (MFA degree, 2005) was completed at King Abdul Aziz University. BA work was completed at the School of Fine Arts. Fatma Jobran honoured fifth times as the “outstanding achievements at Texas Tech University”, Government & Public Service Intern Program and scholarship offered by the Texas Tech University Office of the President, at Washington DC, Austin, and Huston (2009-2014).

Abstract:

Background: This study presents how comfortable lighting luminance in a waiting room can add more relaxation to patients before going to the (surgical operations) at the Orthodontist’s office. The objective of this study is to provide a full review of comfortable lighting luminance in the health care environment. This study proposes a new luminance system in an existing health care facility based on limitations presented in the literature review, suitable design alternatives, localized lighting, use of phototropism, and the use of wall washing. The methodology is based on case studies using behaviour and environmental conditions. Colour appearance, colour contrast, colour rendering, control, horizontal and vertical illuminance, and equipment are primary variables to consider when looking at quality and quantity of lighting. Introduction: The lighting in the waiting room and other rooms in the healthcare environment have a challenge according to evidence based design. Patients are very nervous when entering the waiting room as they are awaiting their operation. This healthcare facility includes a variety of seeing conditions and present many concerns and challenges for the lighting design of the waiting room Problem/Question: This study will focus on current findings and the use of Evidence Base Design (EBD) as extrapolated from this study to inform design decisions. In addition, this study addresses the impacts of the physical environmental change on people’s behaviour. Methods: The information gathered has been evaluated and structured using case studies from the literature review. The present case studies were analyzed to determine patients’ needs. Then, adjustments on existing waiting room lighting were made and the current plan was made according to lighting application and lighting calculation with a concentration on phototropism and patient stress relief. Finding: The findings of this study suggest the following: 1) A larger, low brightness source appears to be less distracting, 2) Human phototropism is an explanation of movement in a space using light. Using of ceiling mounted lighting is to clearly define the space and create a transparent room impression should not exceed the S/MH ratio. 3) The use of wall washing technique will create the impression of pleasantness when applied to the lobby area, and 4) The use of concentrated light on sculpture, flower, murals, and paintings will create the impression of pleasantness through wall washing in the lobby area and glare can be controlled by the shielding angle. The aforementioned findings will necessitate the following specifications: Anti-Glare Metal Halide Down lights, placed into the ceiling, at the lobby area, and above the desk area. Moreover, The study suggested using florescent lighting, it is a wide light distribution with high degree of glare control, the benefit of using a florescent lamp as following; 1) generates radiant energy, 2) most beneficial for plant prorogation, and 3) enhances vegetative and reproductive growth in many plants. In addition, Phototropism findings used lighting to: 1) direct human movement, 2) using wall washing and non-uniform lighting treatments to break up the space and provide a feeling of warmth and pleasantness. Conclusion: One of the problems that were noted in these cases is that hospitals do not want to spend funding on changing the lighting. The particular problems related to the design space were related to problems of not having much space according their needs. It is also necessary to show how best to furnish and make the space a less scary place for the visitors. Also lighting must be designed according to the lighting applications.

Daniel Tekie Ghebreselasie

University of Gezira, Sudan

Title: Risk factors of Non-Communicable Diseases among Population in Wad- Medani City, Gezira State, Sudan (2013)

Biography:

Daniel Tekie Ghebreselasie is an Eritrean Citizen, graduated his Medical studies and earned Degree of Doctor of Medicine from Latin America school of Medicine (ELAM), Cuba in 2009 at the Age of 26. He has recently completed his Masters studies in field of community medicine from University of Gezira, faculty of medicine in March, 2015. He is currently pursuing his PhD studies in field of Community Medicine at the University of Gezira, Sudan. As young junior doctor, he is always interested in research and publications. He has published three original articles in Gezira Journal of health science as lead author and presented an article in the Gezira first international Family & community medicine conference, under the theme“ Partnership & Integration towards comprehensive health care for families and communities” 26-28th, March, 2015, Wad-Medani city, Sudan. In Addition He has also Co-Authored an article in Journal of Eritrean Medical Association. He is so much interested in medical researches focusing mainly on Non-Communicable diseases.

Abstract:

The burden of non-communicable diseases is on the rise in middle and low income countries on top of the existing infectious diseases. Recently in Sudan NCDs accounted for a total of (44%) of the overall mortality. Moreover, the distributions of the specific risk factors are not systematically identified in the country, which hinder the designing of appropriate preventive and control strategies. The objective of this study was to describe the distribution & prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases. This is a descriptive cross-sectional analytic community based study conducted from October to December, 2013 in Wad-Medani city, Gezira State, Sudan. In this house to house survey, data was collected using structured questionnaires, anthropometric measurements & Blood pressure apparatus. A total of 380 individuals of age 30 years & above were selected for the study by stratified proportional random sampling technique. Data was analyzed using SPSS for Windows version (16.0). The distributions of the various categories of risk factors were identified. The prevalence of smoking for males & females were (18.4%) & (0.3%) respectively, alcohol consumption (3.9%), only among males, consumption of fruits and vegetables below adequate level (72.9%), physical inactivity (75.0%). This study showed Cigarette /tobacco use & personal documented history of NCDs were associated and was found highly statistically significant (p-value <0.005). Similarly there was a statistical significance between association of physical activity with both age & educational level (p-value of 0.003 & 0.011) respectively. Mean systolic & diastolic blood pressures were 135.5 mmHg & 85 mmHg respectively for both sexes. The prevalence of hypertension was (29.7%) on physical assessment for both sexes. Based on BMI criteria, (1.6%) were underweight, (35.5%) were overweight and (22.6%) were obese & (0.8%) were severely obese. The prevalence of central obesity measured by waist circumference revealed that almost a quarter (24.7%) and above half (51.5%) of study participants were having an increased and a substantial increased values respectively. In this study, association between physical inactivity and central obesity was found statistically significant (p-value=0.002). This study also found statistically significant association between personal and family history of NCDs (p-value=0.00).In conclusion, the magnitude of risk factors for non-communicable diseases is considerably high in the study population.

María Maldonado-Vega

Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, Mexico

Title: Bacteria and fungi involved in the development of diarrheic and respiratory diseases in workers handling bovine hides during the tanning process

Biography:

Maria Maldonado-Vega his graduate of Ph.D. in Science, specialization Toxicology has received his Ph.D. and Master of Science in Research and Advanced Studies Center-Politecnical National Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN) México, D.F. Research lines: Toxicology labor groups exposed to heavy metals. Environmental pollution by solid waste; currently works microbiological aspects of air quality and phytoremediation processes of industrial effluents. His research has several awards such as Prize 2006-2007 ADIAT. Technology transfer mode to companies PyME and Technical merit recognition. First award in the research occupational risk from 1999, 2000, 2001 y 2007 Health Sector Veracruz, The Mexican Association of Biochemistry, FESORMEX y FENASTAC. She has Development different projects research and technology, which have resulted in forum disclosure of more papers, technical report and technology transfer. Currently has 18 papers refereed journals and 20 internationally papers, the publication of two books by threshing’s on the subject of specialized footwear for diabetics, as wells as lead toxicology, books chapters heavy metals. Management studies thesis of undergraduate, master´s and Ph.D. She has participated with other research groups in short Ales School of Mines in France, The University of the Environment UFZ-Leipzig in Germany, in Mexico involved with biomedical researchers at the Institute of UNAM, CINVESTAV-IPN Mexico unit and Irapuato, also University of Guanajuato. She is serving as an editorial member of several reputed journal like Journal of Nuclear medicine & Radiation Therapy, Journal International Pollution, Medical Journals and Magazine of Biochemistry Education. She is a member of Mexican Society of Biochemistry and Member Research Ethics Committee.

Abstract:

The tanning process has preservation of the hide of the animal. The industrialization of animal skins corresponds in its great majority to the skin of bovines. Indoor the tanneries the presence of 11 contamination indicator species in the tanning work environment with pathogenic potential are the following: Bacterium pumilus; Bacterium subtilis; Bacterium cereus; Cladosporium lubricantis, Cladosporium cladosporioides; Penicillium commune; Penicillium echinulatum; Penicillium chrysogenum; Penicillium crustosum; Candida parapsilosis, and Candida albidus. The microorganisms could compromise the state of health of tanning workers due to their incidence, propagation and concentration. This work showed that samples of nasal and oropharyngeal mucosa taken from the tanners (the sentinel group) demonstrated a high burden of bacteria and yeasts, with values up to 76 × 107 CFU/ml for bacteria and 80 × 107 CFU/ml for yeasts, observing bacterial and fungal growth in all of the participants. The nasal-mucosa results of the second group of tanners and of the control group, in which the sample was taken at the clinical laboratory, confirmed the presence of bacteria and fungi previously observed in the first tanners group; however, the concentration was less with respect to the sentinel group of tanners, with values of 1.5 × 103 CFU/ml and 1.9 × 103 CFU/ml for bacteria and yeasts, respectively. In that prior work, the identification was carried out of bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. The bacterial families identified were Bacillaceae, Corynebacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Moraxellaceae, Nocardiopsaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and Staphylococcaceae. The genera of fungi identified were mainly Aspergillus and Penicillium, which are considered the most significant allergenic fungi in air, and these have been associated with adverse effects on human and animal health. The yeasts identified were Candida krusei and Candida glabrata, which have been associated with adverse effects on the health of immunosuppressed individuals

Chao Jianqian

Southeast University, China

Title: The long-term effect of community-based health management on the elderly with type 2 diabetes by the Markov model

Biography:

Dr. Chao’ major research fields are public health, social medicine, health Administration and hospital management. Recent researches focus on the elderly health management, project evaluation, community health service. The rapid increase in the elderly population not only greatly influences the development of the social economy, but also poses significant challenges to health care in China. Health management has been looked upon as a way to deal with these challenges. We evaluated the effects of community-based health management on the health of the elderly and conducted the evaluating methods research.

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of community-based health management on elderly diabetics using a Markov model. A Markov decision model was used to simulate the natural history of diabetes. Data were obtained from our randomized trials of elderly with type 2 diabetes and from the published literature. One hundred elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly allocated to either the management or the control group in a one-to-one ratio. The management group participated in a health management program for 18 months in addition to receiving usual care. The control group only received usual care. Measurements were performed on both groups at baseline and after 18 months. The Markov model predicted that for every 1000 diabetics receiving health management, approximately 123 diabetics would avoid complications, and approximately 37 would avoid death over the next 13 years. The results suggest that the health management program had a positive long-term effect on the health of elderly diabetics. The Markov model appears to be useful in health care planning and decision-making aimed at reducing the financial and social burden of diabetes.