7th World Congress on Healthcare & Technologies September 26-27, 2016 London, UK

Margarita Laczeski has been graduated from National University of Misiones of Biochemistry. She holds a PhD in biochemistry from the National University of Tucuman specializing in bacteriology. She is currently professor and researcher at the National University of Misiones with an interest in microbiology, molecular biology techniques and biotechnology.

Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) is the leading cause of severe invasive infections in infants less than three months. Meningitis, pneumonia and sepsis are the leading cadres in these children. Infection is primarily acquired vertically from mothers colonized with GBS. GBS has many virulence factors, the capsular polysaccharide is one of the most important and are associated with different surface proteins of antigenic characteristics, such as α, β, Rib, HylB, Lmb, C5a peptidase, FbsA, FbsB and CylB which are encoded by several genes associated with virulence and host interaction acting on bacteria involved in invasiveness. The study of surface protein antigens is important for the understanding of the pathogenesis and epidemiology of infection and several these antigens have been proposed as components of multivalent conjugate vaccines. This study was carried out in order to study the molecular profiles of virulence in GBS strains. Two hundred isolates of vaginal swabs from pregnant women from Misiones (Argentina), were studied. Virulence genes those encoding: C protein (bac and bca), Rib protein (rib), laminin (lmb), hyaluronidase (hylB), c5a-peptidase (scpB), FbsA and FbsB protein (fbsA and fbsB) and β-hemolysin (cylB), were investigated by conventional PCR. Virulence genes were simultaneously identified in 73 isolates (36.5%). fbsA, fbsB and cspB genes were detected at 100% of the strains. Other genes studied were detected in these frequencies: cylB (95%), lmb (94%), bca (87,5%), rib (85,3%), hylB (81%) and bac (58%). The high frequency of detection of fbsA, fbsB and cspB genes, suggesting assessment of their inclusion in future vaccines.

Merab Beraia has been graduated from Tbilisi State Medical University in 1986, as a Medical Doctor, with the specialty of Internal Medicine and took a Diploma in Neurology from the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Neurology Tblisi, Georgia. Later he obtained his post-graduation diploma in Radiology from University of Graz, Austria and then started working at The Institute of Clinical Medicine Tbilisi, Georgia, where he has continued his research. Presently he is working at the Tbilisi.

Objectives: To study the arterial blood flow with the MRI and CT and initial factors of atherosclerosis. \r\nMethods: In 17 healthy volunteers (18-52y) at the different sites of the aorta peak velocity, net flow, flow acceleration and blood density (in Hounsfield) has been investigated. \r\nResults: At the outer curvature of the aorta in the end systole flow separates. At the isthmus, flow acceleration in the initial diastole is 11.6±0.6 times higher than that in systole. Net flow from systole to diastole increases 2.5±0.5 folds. From the end systole to the initial diastole there is a plateau on the net flow graph: here, at the outer curvature of the isthmus, group waves at the boundary reflection, changes in phase at 1800 at the sine wave oscillation frequencies -1.25Hz and 2.5Hz. Blood density, from the aortic isthmus, to the abdominal aorta, equals to -51±3HU to- 31±4HU respectively. \r\nConclusion: Pulse pressure propagating in the blood and the vessel wall, at the boundary layer, forms surface wave. Blood is viscoelastic substance. At the outer wall isthmus of the aorta and all arterial branching sites, pulse pressure, at the reflection is in resonance with the end systolic pressure drop and amplitude of the wall stress increases. In the end of systole, at the outer wall of the circular flow sites, wave packets with the different frequencies forms - flow separates. Wave packets at the frequency dispersion, destroys the flow cell aggregates increasing the blood entropy, whereas at the boundary layer of the vessel, denudate the endothelial sheet.\r\n

Fatemeh Khoshnavay Fomani is RN, Ph.D. candidate from Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, with the specialties including Pediatric Nursing, and Philosophy for children from the Kharazmi University. The subject of her doctoral dissertation is philosophizing and resilience among adolescents laborer. She is interested in “philosophy for children”, “child maltreatment” and “resilience” research. Presently she is working at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

Assertive nurses are capable to build effective team relationships, to manage workplace stress, gaining self-confidence, and to earn respect from others while respecting them. Thinking skills training is the fundamental component of promoting assertiveness programs. This approach leads us to investigate the effectiveness of philosophizing as the manifest of thinking skills, on promoting assertiveness skill. The aim of this presentation is to explore the effects of philosophizing through the philosophy for children (P4C) program on promoting nurses assertiveness skill. Although P4C has been introduced to promote children´s thinking skills, but according to our experiences, it is useful for the adult population by some modification of the content. In this study 50 nurses randomly allocated to “P4C training” and “control” groups. 12 sessions of P4C training were conducted for 25 members of the intervention group in three months. Using Rathus Assertiveness Scale, nurses´ assertiveness skill was evaluated in two groups, before and after implementing P4C program. T test and descriptive statistics using SPSS18 program applied to data analysis. The results indicated that the assertiveness was significantly improved in the intervention group. P4C program increases the inter-relationship skills and enhances cognitive, reasoning, emotional and social development of individuals. The participants of P4C program learn dialectic conversation and respecting different ideas and values. Development of ethical understanding in the context of philosophizing is the other advantage of P4C. Considering the P4C attributes, increasing assertiveness skill in the intervention group is justifiable. Although applying P4C was effected to increase assertiveness among the study participants, further investigations are needed to approve P4C usefulness in other nursing settings.

Oroma Nwanodi graduated from Meharry Medical College of Nashville, Tennessee in the United States of America as a Medical Doctor in 2001. She specialized in Obstetrics and Gynecology at The University of Massachussets and Maimonides Medical Center. She subsequently obtained specialization in integrative holistic medicine. She has practiced in California, Missouri, Minnesota, and Wyoming. She is currently a Doctor of Health Sciences candidate at A. T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona, in the United States of America.

Surgical skills simulation (SSS) tests the application of factual knowledge and shows how knowledge is applied, representing the second and third levels of Miller’s Pyramid of Learning. SSS permits high-stakes scenario testing in safe environments. Therefore, SSS incorporation into initial specialty certification began in 2002 in Australia and New Zealand. The United States of America did not incorporate SSS into specialty certification, until 2008. The purpose of this paper is to determine where the United States stands in the process of SSS incorporation into specialty certification. A Google scholar Internet search, a PubMed search and hand search yielded 19 relevant articles. In 2008, cardiac catheterization simulation was required for interventional cardiology maintenance of certification (MOC). In 2010 the American Board of Anesthesiology (ABA) required SSS as part of the MOC program. In 2014, the summative assessment, Colorectal Objective Assessment of Technical Skills became part of the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery certification. In 2017, SSS will be added to the ABA initial certification examination. The United States has been slow to incorporate SSS into initial certification and MOC. Assessment validation, capital and recurring costs, personnel, physical facility and time requirements are barriers to rapid SSS expansion into specialty certification processes. As SSS allows rapid technical skill assessment, without posing a threat to patients, expansion of SSS into initial certification and MOC programs represents non-maleficence and beneficence, and should be encouraged.

David Pérez-Jorge, PhD in Education, is a Professor at the Faculty of Education at Universidad de La Laguna. He is a specialist in Cognitive Neuroscience and Behavioural Biology. He is presently working as a professor at the Department of Educational Research at Universidad de La Laguna and also a professor at the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED). He is currently investigating in the field of evaluation and diagnosis of special educational needs as regards Health and professional guidance and vocation.

Despite all the achievements obtained in the field of Health Education (HE), there are many elements and situations which prevent us from offering an adequate response as regards health care and prevention at school level. The treatment of Health Education and its approach are conditioned, among other factors, to the teachers’ lack of training and the lack of attribution of competences as regards school health. Researches such as those conducted by Salvador (2008) and Aramendi, Buján and Arburna (2014) reveal the lack of professional qualification of teachers who show the lack of knowledge and training when they have to face emergency situations in schools which result from risk behaviours or accidents. The main objective of this study is both to know the way in which teachers respond to school emergency situations and evaluate their level and training as regards Health Education. The sample selected is made up of 503 teachers of compulsory secondary education. The instrument which is proposed to evaluate teachers’ attitudes and knowledge in the field of health education is the “Questionnaire about attitudes and knowledge as regards health in the school context” (CACOSA), performed by Pérez-Jorge and De la Rosa Hormiga (2014) taking as a basis the Healthy Child Programme conducted by the Canary Islands Health Service (2007). The results showed the teachers’ concern about Health Promotion (82%). Although they had experience working in pathologies such as allergies, asthma, diabetes, etc. (73%), they showed a lack of training (81,5%) and qualification to respond adequately to emergencies (92%) and to improve their students’ training in Health Education (79%).